Friday, October 2, 2015

Digital education in India: Promised to the masses delivered to the classes


Before I start, I would like to clarify even after almost 5 years I am very much a newbie in the digital education space in India. I am lucky to have met and discussed various aspects of digital learning with the distinguished members of this field. 

Over the last few years we have seen more photo opportunities, PR snippets and social media headlines related to digital education than any other facet of education but sadly has the world changed around us, not by much. All amazing projects and solutions are being deployed in the best of the best private schools where there is neither a constraint in budgets or lack of infrastructure. The promise that digital education brought to a country like India was ensuring where ever you are you will get access to quality content designed and delivered in an effective and efficient manner. Sadly this hasn’t become a reality. We got bitten by the tablet bug and that ensured we were investing time and money on the incorrect devices for the masses. The device itself has seen a slow death because of multiple issues like form factor, durability and serviceability.

There have been incredible projects using currently available resources and technology to enhance the classroom experience. Sadly they don’t end up in headlines. Neither do such entrepreneurs are invited to think tanks or panel discussion. Well because most of them are not elite they are people who saw a problem and decide to tackle it with whatever they could. Digital learning in India is also a fad driven business. Now we are currently madly in love with the following: apps, gamification, mobiles and videos.

The key stakeholders in the process are government, private players and teachers. My analysis of each:

Our government has invested in projects that were half baked and uncalculated whether it is the famous indigenous low-cost tablet project or the one laptop per child adventure.  We have conveniently ignored the teachers and their digital literacy, as that is not. We have commissioned hardware purchases with maintenance and service systems. If you ask a public representative how do you measure that a school has access to digital education he will recite the number of computers in the computer lab. Do they work? What happens when then need repair? Who is ensuring relevant softwares are installed? Is there connection to internet? Everybody is busy announcing schemes one after the other and cutting ribbons. There aren’t any efficacy studies being done. There is enough evidence in the market that bringing computers into the school does not necessarily improve learning outcomes. It is high time we need to train our teachers on how to leverage technology to deliver engaging and effective classrooms.

Why just blame the government. The private sector has had some shining examples but those are the ones you would not have heard of. The ones that are talked about are catering to the elite. They are dealing with immersive learning, 3D printing, virtual reality and more. But is this the need of the hour from people who can impact policy decisions. We are either offering our learners out dated content or content that is not fit for their level. We are creating solutions for tomorrow’s infrastructure rather than for now what we have today. We also are behaving like teleco companies that India has 4G when in all honestly take walk around Cannaught Place inner circle you won’t get edge (E) on your network. We need to build solutions for today and look at building it up.

Another key stakeholder in the entire process is teachers. In my experience most senior stakeholders in the digital learning space started with one agenda eliminate the teacher. Make learning independent of the teacher, turn the teacher into a facilitator and ensure anybody can teach. Create step by step instruction guides which help them press the next button on the laptop after a designated time. Did that work? We all know it didn’t.  Currently there are number of projects going on across the world where technology is enabling flipped classrooms, expert advice and classroom management. The one main concern is effective and efficient utilisation of the teacher’s time. How much of their time goes into non-teaching admin work and how can we reduce it. In a country like ours we love examinations, more examinations means more paper work to handle. How are we exploiting technology to do that? Is there are large enough research done specifically in India to identify what are the needs and pain points?

So I have had my rant, what should be the right approach? Should we stop experimenting in the high end segment? I am of the firm belief that the government’s focus should lie on the grass roots while private sector can aim at solving niche problems. Any contracts awarded to the private sector in digital learning space needs to have maintenance, upgrade and service guarantee. Payments should be linked to SLAs and service quality. All any content should be multi-level within a grade so that the teacher can select based on her/his class performance. Standard modules for digital literacy should be a part of all in-service training. Non-teaching effort needs to be minimised. Schools need school management mechanisms immediately so that you can free up teacher time.

What is the ideal content, learning design and pedagogy? I am no expert but over the last 5 odd years I have spent enough time with product managers, CXOs, teachers and learners to realise they are not on the same page. For a learner in a village where there is no internet and unstable power an IVR based product is the best digital solution in the world. For a learner in a low bandwidth area a video based product is a more painful experience than anything else. Is an app answer to all problems in the world well yes and no. Yes by sheer numbers you got to have an app if you want to tap the market. But then what do you do with the app is important. You need to understand that an app will only provide supplementary or just in time learning.  
What is the best device? How should the content be available? I am a firm believer that you need a PC version and a phone version. I know all studies say that the PC is dying but we need to be aware of the fact that education will be laggard in throwing out PCs. Secondly for the phone I would say build multi-platform and have a wap mode in place. I do believe that everything does not need a video if you want a monologue with zero body language inputs build a good audio. Yes Steve Jobs was right make it simple and have as few as possible active buttons. Spend time on UI/UX and colour schemes.

Should we gamify the whole world? Should learning apps be like candy crush? Are MOOCS over? Well this is where we get into interesting territory.  Social or peer networks have ensured apps go viral. Apps like Quizup have ensured there is a huge stickability factor. But I look at it in a different perspective. Let the user choose the bites they want to take. Add social networking and gamification but don’t rely on them, content and design are still the key. MOOCs have been around in areas related to science and technology and management for quite some time.  I think they have a role to play and they do provide much needed structured free content. As one of the struggles that new digital learners face is how to create a learning path. MOOCs help sort out those issue. They also add the social and community bit to it. Again I am not worried if everybody doesn’t finish my MOOC. All I want to know is that is there learning impact. Did the user gain knowledge/skill? If that is happening then we are good. I am a firm believer in a very short while content will be available for free in reasonably good learning design packages whether it is an app, MOOC or flash drive.

So is there no money to be made in digital learning in India? This is the single largest non-infrastructure opportunity in Indian education sector. But because we have had so many bad attempts that the influencers are sceptical. So little has been done in terms of efficacy and research that whatever claims are being made they all sound like product pitches. Students are spending incredible amounts of money on poorly designed and irrelevant products whether it is print, digital or private tuitions. None of these have the ability track development or assess areas of improvement. So all you need is to be able to back your sales pitches by black and white data.

On a personal note: It is time we built products for learners that have access to minimal technology and change lives. We deliver across the value chain and not just the creamy layer. Also we need to price it right. We need to ensure it is affordable for the masses. As a digital company basic content should be free and specialised charged. Also certifications should be paid for but “how to” needs to be available for free. We build a CPD portal for all teachers across the country which is available for free and they can pay for certifications.

The views are my own. I would appreciate contradicting views and arguments. I have intentionally avoided using brand names. I will keep sharing relevant articles.

No comments:

Post a Comment